5G services have started in many cities of India. 5G is a 5th generation mobile network, which works on fast mobile broadband networks. It is a new global wireless standard after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G networks. With this, a revolution has started in the field of telecommunication and technology. 5G service is working to provide uninterrupted coverage, high data rates, low latency, and highly reliable communications system. 5G creates a network through which almost all machines and devices can be connected together. 5G network can provide users with faster speed experience. It is creating many opportunities for people, businesses and society

History

In April 2008, NASA partnered with Geoff Brown and Machine-to-Machine Intelligence (M2Mi) Corp. to develop a fifth-generation communications technology approach, although this was primarily concerned with working with nanosats. In the same year, the South Korean IT R&D program of “5G mobile communication system based on beam-division multiple access and relay with group cooperation” was created.

In August 2012, New York University established NYU Wireless, a multidisciplinary academic research center that has conducted pioneering work in 5G wireless communications. On 8 October 2012, the University of Surrey, UK, received £ 35 million for a new 5G research centre, to be jointly funded by the British government’s UK Research Partnership Investment Fund (UKRPIF) and a consortium of major international mobile operators and infrastructure providers. Was funded by. Including Huawei, Samsung, Telefonica Europe, Fujitsu Laboratories Europe, Rohde & Schwarz and Aircom International. It will provide test facilities to mobile operators wishing to develop mobile standards that use less energy and less radio spectrum, with the aspiration to have the new technology ready within a decade providing speeds greater than current 4G..On 1 November 2012, the EU project “Mobile and Wireless Communications Enablers for the Twenty-Twenty Information Society” (METIS) started its activity towards the definition of 5G. METIS achieved initial global consensus on these systems. In this sense, METIS played an important role in building consensus among other external key stakeholders ahead of global standardization activities. This was done by initiating and addressing work in relevant global forums (such as ITU-R) as well as national and regional regulatory bodies. The same month, the iJOIN EU Project was Iaunched, focused on “small cell” technology, which is key to taking advantage of limited and strategic resources such as wave spectrum. According to Günther Oettinger, European Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society (2014-2019), “an innovative use of spectrum” is one of the key factors at the heart of 5G success. Oettinger further described it as “the essential resource the heart of 5G success. Oettinger further described it as “the essential resource for wireless connectivity, of which 5G will be the main driver”. iJOIN was selected by the European Commission as one of the leading 5G research projects to demonstrate early results on this technology at Mobile World Congress 2015 (Barcelona, Spain).

In February 2013, ITU-R Working Party 5D (WP5D) initiated two study items: a study on the IMT vision for 2020 and beyond, and; Study on future technology trends for terrestrial IMT systems. Both aim to have a better understanding of the future technological aspects of mobile communications towards the definition of next generation mobiles. On May 12, 2013, Samsung Electronics said that they had developed a “5G” system. The maximum speed of the core technology is tens of Gbit/s (gigabit per second). In testing, transfer speeds for “5G” networks sent data at 1.056 Gbit/s over distances of up to 2 kilometers with the use of 8*8 MIMO. In july 2013, India and Israel agreed to jointly work on the development of fifth generation (5G) telecommunications technologies. On October 1, 2013, NTT (Nippon Telegraph & Telephone), the same company that launched the world’s first 5G network in japan, won the Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications Award at CEATEC for its 5G R&D efforts. On November 6, 2013, Huawei announced plans to invest a minimum of $ 600 million in R&D for a next-generation 5G network capable of delivering speeds up to 100 times that of modern LTE net networks.

On April 3, 2019, South Korea became the first country to adopt 5G. Just hours later, Verizon launched its 5G services in the United States, and rejected South Korea’s claim to be the world’s first country with a 5G network, as reportedly, South Korea’s 5G service will initially only be available in six Was introduced for South Korean celebrities. That South Korea can hold the title of having the world’s first 5G network. In fact, the three main South Korean telecom companies (SK Telecom, KT, and LG Uplus) added more than 40,000 users to their 5G networks on launch day. In June 2019, the Philippines became the first country in Southeast Asia to roll out a 5G broadband network after Globe Telecom commercially launched its 5G data plans for customers. AT&T brought 5G service to consumers and businesses in December 2019 before planning to offer 5G across the United States in the first half of 2020.

In 2020, AIS and TrueMove H launched 5G services in Thailand, making it the first country in Southeast Asia with commercial 5G. Russian 5G base station developed by domestic experts as part of Rostec’s digital division Rostec.digital is a functional

How does 5G technology work

5G uses advanced radio frequency technology and a wider range of frequencies to provide faster and more reliable internet connections. To transmit and receive data over the radio frequency spectrum, 5G networks use base stations, also called cell towers. Antennas and other equipment are installed in these base stations so that they can transmit and receive data over long distances and at high speeds.

The network architecture of 5G networks is different from the previous generation mobile networks. Small cells, which are low-power base stations that can be deployed in different locations, are used in conjuction with a cloud-native core, a central controller.

Apart from supporting cellular and Wi-Fi connectivity, 5G networks also support satellite connectivity. This allows devices to connect to the network using the most appropriate technology based on their lacation and the type of data they are transmitting.

The future of 5g technology in 2023

About 31 million users in India could upgrade to 5G phones in 2023, according to a new report. Ericsson, on Tuesday, October 3, released its ‘5G Value: Turning Performance into Loyalty’ report, carried out by Ericsson ConsumerLab, which explores factors like 5G network satisfaction and user retention.

The report suggests that the number presents a vast opportunity for further 5G adoption in the country. “5G users in India stand out for their high daily engagement with apps, such as streaming HD video, video calling services, mobile gaming and augmented reality. On average, they spend two hours more per week using these services compared to users in other early adopter 5G markets such as the US, the UK, South Korea, China and many others,” the company said.

Spectrum bands of 5G technology

5G technology uses three spectrum bands, which are classified as:

• Low-band spectrum: frequency less than 1 GHz, providing wide coverage but slow speed.
• Mid-band spectrum: Frequencies between 1 GHz and 6 GHz provide a balance of speed and coverage.
• High-band spectrum (mmWave): Frequencies above 24 GHz, which provide the highest speeds but limited coverage due to signal attenuation

Benefits of 5G network

With 5G network, internet speed has become 20 to 100 times faster (up to 1000mbps). Data uploading and downloading through 5G network is happening at high speed. With this, many facilities are going to be available rapidly. A movie which takes 5-10 minutes to download through 4G can be downloaded in a few seconds through 5G. with 5G, you can enjoy high quality videos as well as games without any interruption. Often we see that the internet speed reduces when many users connect simultaneously, but now this will not happen. With the high-speed 5G network, robots, drones and automatic vehicles can be operated easily.

Disadvantages of 5G network   

5G can become a threat to the privacy of internet users. According to the report of Technical University of Berlin, hackers will be able to hack users’ data more quickly and easily, due to which there may be a rapid increase in online fraud. 5G network requires more bandwidth, for which more mobile towers will have to be installed. This will cost a lot. Due to short web length, a lot of people can be covered in cities due to dense population, but it will not be easy for companies to install more towers to cover the entire population in villages. In such a situation, fewer people in villages will get the benefit of 5G. Due to 5G speed, most of the parts of the mobile will work, due to which the battery consumption in the mobile will be higher. In such a situation, it will have a direct impact on the battery life of the mobile and the battery life will decrease.